Cardiovascular System
Congenital structural heart defects, inflammatory heart matrices, and systemic shock conduits.
2 subcategories • 8 reference files
Congenital Structural Heart Defects (CHD) (4)
Moderate Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Congenital Acyanotic Left-to-Right Shunt Heart Malformation
Neonates and Infants (Often detected in the first few weeks of life)
Severe Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (Right-to-Left Shunt)
Infants and Toddlers (Cyanosis often presents in the first few weeks or months)
Moderate Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Congenital heart condition in which a normal fetal blood vessel fails to close after birth.
Newborns and infants; more common in premature babies.
Moderate Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Congenital opening in the wall between the heart’s two upper chambers.
Present from birth; often detected in childhood or sometimes later.
Acquired Inflammatory Vascular Pathologies (4)
Emergency Kawasaki Disease
Acute Systemic Medium-Vessel Vasculitis
Children under 5 years (Highest prevalence in children of Asian descent)
Severe Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
Post-Streptococcal Autoimmune Inflammatory Connective Tissue Disease
5 to 15 Years (Rarely occurs in children under 3 years)
Emergency Pediatric Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart muscle, most often following a viral infection.
All ages, including infants and adolescents.
Moderate Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis)
The most common childhood vasculitis, inflaming small blood vessels in the skin, joints, gut, and kidneys.
Most common between 3 and 10 years, often after a respiratory infection.