# Kids Disease

> Free, source-cited educational encyclopedia of childhood diseases for parents and caregivers. Covers 140 pediatric conditions across 18 body systems with staged symptoms, home care, prevention, vaccine guidance, and clear "when to see a doctor" thresholds. Content is compiled from and aligned with AAP, CDC, WHO and NHS guidance. Educational only — not medical advice; always consult a qualified pediatrician, and call your local emergency number in an emergency.

## Key pages
- [Diseases A–Z](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/): full alphabetical index of all conditions
- [Body systems](https://kidsdisease.com/systems/): conditions grouped by the organ system they affect
- [Vaccine schedule](https://kidsdisease.com/vaccines/): routine child immunizations from birth to 12 years
- [Symptom triage checker](https://kidsdisease.com/triage/): gauge urgency from mild to emergency
- [Parents' FAQ](https://kidsdisease.com/faq/): fever thresholds, ER vs pediatrician, dehydration, vaccine safety
- [About & methodology](https://kidsdisease.com/about/): how content is created, reviewed, and sourced

## Respiratory System
- [Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/croup/): Upper Airway Viral Subglottic Stenosis
- [Acute Epiglottitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/epiglottitis/): Life-Threatening Upper Airway Supraglottic Cellulitis
- [Acute Viral Bronchiolitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/bronchiolitis/): Lower Respiratory Small Airway Inflammatory Disease
- [Pediatric Asthma](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/asthma/): Chronic Reversible Inflammatory Airway Hyperreactivity
- [Laryngomalacia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/laryngomalacia/): Congenital Supraglottic Airway Collapse
- [Acute Bronchitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/acute-bronchitis/): Acute Inflammatory Bronchial Airway Disease
- [Common Cold (Viral Nasopharyngitis)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/common-cold/): Self-limiting viral upper respiratory tract infection.
- [Pediatric Influenza (Flu)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/influenza/): Acute systemic viral respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses.
- [Pediatric Pneumonia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pneumonia/): Infection and inflammation of the lung tissue (alveoli).

## Cardiovascular System
- [Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/vsd/): Congenital Acyanotic Left-to-Right Shunt Heart Malformation
- [Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/tof/): Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (Right-to-Left Shunt)
- [Kawasaki Disease](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/kawasaki/): Acute Systemic Medium-Vessel Vasculitis
- [Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rheumatic-fever/): Post-Streptococcal Autoimmune Inflammatory Connective Tissue Disease
- [Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pda/): Congenital heart condition in which a normal fetal blood vessel fails to close after birth.
- [Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/asd/): Congenital opening in the wall between the heart’s two upper chambers.
- [Pediatric Myocarditis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/myocarditis/): Inflammation of the heart muscle, most often following a viral infection.
- [Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (IgA Vasculitis)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hsp/): The most common childhood vasculitis, inflaming small blood vessels in the skin, joints, gut, and kidneys.

## Gastrointestinal System
- [Rotavirus Gastroenteritis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rotavirus/): Acute Viral Enterotoxin-Mediated Intestinal Infection
- [Pediatric Appendicitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/appendicitis/): Acute Obstruction & Inflammation of the Vermiform Appendix
- [Celiac Disease (Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/celiac/): Autoimmune Small Intestine Malabsorptive Enteropathy
- [Hirschsprung Disease (Congenital Megacolon)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hirschsprung/): Congenital Intestinal Aganglionosis Motor Obstruction
- [Intussusception](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/intussusception/): Acute Bowel Invagination and Obstruction
- [Pediatric Inguinal Hernia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/inguinal-hernia/): Congenital Structural Inguinal Defect
- [Pediatric Dehydration](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/dehydration/): Acute Fluid and Electrolyte Depletion
- [Functional Constipation](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/constipation/): Common functional disorder of infrequent or painful, hard bowel movements without an underlying disease.
- [Acute Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/gastroenteritis/): Acute infection of the stomach and intestines causing diarrhea and vomiting.
- [Gastroesophageal Reflux (Infant GER/GERD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/gerd-infant/): Backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus; common and usually benign in infants.

## Neurological System
- [Febrile Seizures](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/seizures/): Benign Age-Dependent Convulsive Disorder
- [Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/absence-epilepsy/): Generalized Idiopathic Genetic Epilepsy Syndrome
- [Acute Bacterial Meningitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/meningitis/): Acute Suppurative Central Nervous System Infection
- [Viral Encephalitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/encephalitis/): Acute Inflammatory Brain Parenchyma Infection
- [Pediatric Migraine](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pediatric-migraine/): Pediatric Primary Neurovascular Headache

## Musculoskeletal System
- [Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ddh/): Congenital Structural Hip Joint Instability
- [Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/clubfoot/): Congenital Foot & Ankle Structural Deformity
- [Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/jia/): Chronic Pediatric Autoimmune Inflammatory Arthritis
- [Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/dmd/): X-Linked Recessive Progressive Myopathic Degeneration
- [Transient Synovitis of the Hip](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/transient-synovitis/): Acute Self-Limiting Joint Synovial Inflammation
- [Osteomyelitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/osteomyelitis/): Acute Hematogenous Metaphyseal Osteomyelitis
- [Pediatric Scoliosis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/scoliosis/): Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)
- [Greenstick Fracture](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/greenstick-fracture/): Pediatric Incomplete Cortical Bone Fracture

## Dermatological System
- [Atopic Dermatitis (Infantile Eczema)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/atopic-derm/): Chronic Relapsing Pruritic Inflammatory Skin Disease
- [Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum (ETN)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/erythema-toxicum/): Benign Transient Neonatal Pustular Dermatosis
- [Impetigo Contagiosa](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/impetigo/): Superficial Bacterial Epidermal Infection
- [Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hfmd/): Enteroviral Mucocutaneous Vesicular Eruption
- [Pityriasis Rosea](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pityriasis-rosea/): Benign Self-Limiting Post-Viral Exanthem
- [Diaper Dermatitis (Diaper Rash)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/diaper-dermatitis/): Common irritant or fungal inflammation of the skin in the diaper area.
- [Seborrheic Dermatitis (Cradle Cap)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cradle-cap/): Common, harmless scaly scalp condition of infancy.
- [Scabies](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/scabies/): Intensely itchy skin infestation by the human scabies mite.
- [Ringworm (Tinea)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ringworm/): Common contagious fungal skin infection (not a worm).

## Hematological System
- [Sickle Cell Anemia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/sickle-cell/): Autosomal Recessive Hemoglobinopathy
- [Beta-Thalassemia Major (Cooley's Anemia)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/thalassemia/): Autosomal Recessive Microcytic Hemolytic Anemia
- [Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/itp/): Acquired Autoimmune Anti-Platelet Destruction Disorder
- [Hemophilia A](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hemophilia/): X-Linked Recessive Coagulation Factor Deficiency
- [G6PD Deficiency](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/g6pd-deficiency/): X-Linked Red Blood Cell Enzymopathy
- [Iron Deficiency Anemia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/iron-deficiency-anemia/): Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia

## Endocrine & Metabolic
- [Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Pediatric)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/diabetes-type1/): Autoimmune Pancreatic Beta-Cell Destruction Disorder
- [Congenital Hypothyroidism](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hypothyroidism/): Inborn Thyroid Hormone Deficiency Disorder
- [Phenylketonuria (PKU)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pku/): Inborn Error of Amino Acid Metabolism
- [Classic Galactosemia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/galactosemia/): Inborn Error of Carbohydrate Metabolism
- [Addison's Disease (Adrenal Insufficiency)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/addisons/): Pediatric Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Syndrome
- [Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cah/): Inherited Adrenal Steroidogenesis Enzyme Deficiency
- [Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/msud/): Inherited Branched-Chain Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency
- [Tay-Sachs Disease](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/taysachs/): Inherited GM2 Gangliosidosis Lysosomal Storage Disorder
- [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Pediatric)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/type2-diabetes/): Chronic disorder of high blood sugar from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

## Renal & Urological
- [Minimal Change Disease (Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/nephrotic/): Glomerular Podocyte Barrier Dysfunction Syndrome
- [Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/apsgn/): Post-Streptococcal Immune Complex Glomerulopathy
- [Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/uti/): Bacterial Colonization of the Urinary Tract
- [Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/vur/): Congenital Retrograde Urinary Flow Dysfunction
- [Nocturnal Enuresis (Bedwetting)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/enuresis/): Involuntary night-time wetting beyond the age when bladder control is expected.
- [Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hus/): Serious condition combining red-cell destruction, low platelets, and acute kidney injury.

## Ophthalmological System
- [Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Neonatal Conjunctivitis)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ophthalmia-neonatorum/): Acute Neonatal Hyper-purulent Ocular Infection
- [Pediatric Dacryocystitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/dacryocystitis/): Infection & Inflammation of the Lacrimal Sac
- [Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rop/): Vasoproliferative Retinal Disorder of Premature Infants
- [Congenital Cataracts](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/congenital-cataract/): Congenital Opacification of the Ocular Lens
- [Acute Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pink-eye/): Acute Infectious Conjunctival Inflammation

## Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT)
- [Acute Otitis Media (AOM)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/otitis-media/): Acute Suppurative Middle Ear Infection
- [Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ome/): Non-Infectious Middle Ear Fluid Accumulation
- [Acute Tonsillopharyngitis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/tonsillitis/): Acute Inflammation of the Tonsils & Pharynx
- [Adenoid Hypertrophy](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/adenoids/): Chronic Hyperplasia of the Nasopharyngeal Tonsils
- [Mastoiditis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/mastoiditis/): Acute Coalescent Mastoid Osteitis
- [Otitis Externa (Swimmer's Ear)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/otitis-externa/): Acute Bacterial Infection of the External Auditory Canal
- [Acute Sinusitis (Pediatric)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/sinusitis/): Inflammation or infection of the paranasal sinuses, usually following a cold.

## Immunological & Allergic
- [Anaphylaxis (Pediatric)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/anaphylaxis/): Acute Systemic IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity Reaction
- [Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/allergic-rhinitis/): Type I IgE-Mediated Nasal Mucosal Hypersensitivity
- [Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/scid/): Primary Humoral & Cellular Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- [Selective IgA Deficiency](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/iga-deficiency/): Primary Selective Humoral Immunodeficiency
- [Cow's Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cmpa/): IgE or Non-IgE Mediated Pediatric Food Hypersensitivity
- [Urticaria (Hives)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/urticaria/): Raised, itchy welts from temporary leakage of fluid from small skin blood vessels.

## Infectious & Parasitic
- [Measles (Rubeola)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/measles/): Highly Contagious Paramyxoviral Exanthematous Disease
- [Varicella Zoster (Chickenpox)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/chickenpox/): Acute Alphaherpesviral Vesicular Exanthematous Disease
- [Pertussis (Whooping Cough)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pertussis/): Acute Bacterial Toxin-Mediated Airway Infection
- [Congenital Toxoplasmosis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/toxoplasmosis/): Perinatal Protozoan Opportunistic Infection
- [Roseola Infantum (Sixth Disease)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/roseola/): Viral Exanthema Subitum
- [Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/fifth-disease/): Parvovirus-Induced Exanthem
- [Scarlet Fever (Scarlatina)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/scarlet-fever/): Toxin-Mediated Streptococcal Exanthem
- [Shigellosis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/shigellosis/): Acute Bacterial Dysentery
- [Pinworm Infection](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pinworm/): Enterobiasis (Parasitic Nematode Infection)
- [Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/fuo/): Prolonged Unexplained Febrile State
- [Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/head-lice/): Infestation of the scalp by human head lice; a nuisance, not a disease, and not a sign of poor hygiene.
- [Oral Thrush (Oral Candidiasis)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/oral-thrush/): Common yeast infection of the mouth in infants.
- [Mumps](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/mumps/): Contagious viral infection best known for swelling of the salivary glands.
- [Rubella (German Measles)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rubella/): Usually mild contagious viral infection that is dangerous in pregnancy.

## Genetic & Chromosomal
- [Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/down-syndrome/): Chromosomal Aneuploidy Syndrome
- [Turner Syndrome (45,X)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/turner-syndrome/): Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy Syndrome (Monosomy X)
- [Cystic Fibrosis (CF)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cystic-fibrosis/): Autosomal Recessive Multi-System Exocrine Disorder
- [Williams Syndrome](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/williams-syndrome/): Autosomal Dominant Microdeletion Syndrome
- [Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/prader-willi/): 15q11-q13 Paternal Chromosomal Deletion Syndrome
- [Fragile X Syndrome (FXS)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/fragile-x/): FMR1 Gene Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion Syndrome
- [Rett Syndrome](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rett/): MECP2 Mutation X-Linked Neurodevelopmental Regression Disorder

## Nutritional & Deficiency
- [Nutritional Rickets](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rickets/): Metabolic Bone Mineralization Deficiency Disease
- [Pediatric Scurvy](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/scurvy/): Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Deficiency Disease
- [Kwashiorkor](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/kwashiorkor/): Severe Protein-Energy Malnutrition (Edematous Malnutrition)
- [Marasmus](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/marasmus/): Severe Protein-Energy Malnutrition (Non-Edematous Malnutrition)
- [Childhood Obesity](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/obesity/): Excess body fat that increases the risk of health problems, defined by age- and sex-specific BMI charts.

## Developmental & Behavioral
- [Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/autism/): Neurodevelopmental Communication & Behavioral Disorder
- [Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/adhd/): Neurodevelopmental Executive Function Disorder
- [Cerebral Palsy (CP)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cerebral-palsy/): Non-Progressive Congenital Motor & Postural Dysfunction
- [Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/dcd/): Neurodevelopmental Motor Skill Acquisition Disorder
- [Pediatric Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/anxiety/): Chronic Pediatric Neuro-Psychiatric Anxiety Syndrome
- [Pediatric Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/depression/): Pediatric Affective Neurotransmitter Deficiency Disorder
- [Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/spd/): Atypical Sensory Integration & Neuromodulation Disorder
- [Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/odd/): Childhood Behavioral Disruption & Dysregulation Syndrome
- [PANDAS](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pandas/): Post-Streptococcal Neuropsychiatric Autoimmune Disorder

## Oncological System
- [Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/all/): Malignant Proliferation of Lymphoid Progenitor Cells
- [Hodgkin Lymphoma (Pediatric)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/hodgkin-lymphoma/): Malignant Lymphatic Neoplasm (Reed-Sternberg Cell Pathology)
- [Neuroblastoma](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/neuroblastoma/): Malignant Embryonal Tumor of the Sympathetic Nervous System
- [Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/wilms-tumor/): Malignant Embryonal Renal Tumor
- [Retinoblastoma](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/retinoblastoma/): Cancer of the developing retina; the most common eye cancer in children.

## Neonatal (Newborns)
- [Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/rds/): Neonatal Surfactant Deficiency Pulmonary Disease
- [Neonatal Jaundice (Hyperbilirubinemia)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/neonatal-jaundice/): Neonatal Bilirubin Metabolic Clearance Dysfunction
- [Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/nec/): Acute Ischemic & Inflammatory Neonatal Intestinal Necrosis
- [Neonatal Sepsis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/neonatal-sepsis/): Acute Neonatal Systemic Bacterial Infection
- [Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/nas/): Neonatal Perinatal Drug Withdrawal Syndrome
- [Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pphn/): Neonatal Severe Right-to-Left Shunt Hypoxemia
- [Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) of the Newborn](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ivh/): Neonatal Germinal Matrix Capillary Rupture Syndrome
- [Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/ttn/): Neonatal Alveolar Fluid Clearance Delay Syndrome
- [Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/pyloric-stenosis/): Gastric Outlet Obstruction
- [Biliary Atresia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/biliary-atresia/): Congenital Progressive Extrahepatic Cholestatic Obstruction
- [Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/cdh/): Congenital Bochdalek Diaphragmatic Defect
- [Prematurity & Low Birth Weight](https://kidsdisease.com/diseases/prematurity/): Gestational Immaturity and Development Deprivation